Impressionist Movement Photos

In the early 1860s several French artists joined together to move away from the dictated standards of the Académie des Beaux-Arts and what the Academy would accept for exhibit in its annual Salon. The artists involved were inspired to paint landscapes & contemporary life outdoors directly "en plein air" with newly introduced synthetic oil paints, instead of simply making landscape sketches to be turned into paintings back in the studio. Impressionists were not inclined to create the historical scenes preferred by the Academy. They set up their own annual exhibits which a critic labeled "Impressionism" after one of Monet's works called Impression Sunrise.

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Early 1860s, four artists meet in art class. They decide to paint outdoors directly in oil. // * indicates artists who exhibited at Impressionist shows.
  • Claude Monet (1840-1926)*
  • Near Honfleur in Snow painting by Caude Monet at Louvre Museum. Paris, France Wheatstacks, Snow Effect, Morning painting by Claude Monet at J. Paul Getty Museum Center. Malibu, CA Waterlilies painting by Claude Monet at McNay Art Museum. San Antonio, TX
  • Pierre-Auguste Renoir (1841-1919)*
  • Flowers in a Vase painting by Auguste Renoir at National Gallery of Art. Washington, DC Lunch at the Restaurant Fournaise painting by Auguste Renoir at Art Institute of Chicago. Chicago, IL Bal du moulin de la Galette painting by Auguste Renoir at Musée d'Orsay. Paris, France
  • Alfred Sisley (1839-1899)*
  • Route from Saint Germain to Marly painting by Alfred Sisley at McNay Art Museum. San Antonio, TX Snow at Llouveciennes painting by Alfred Sisley at The Phillips Collection. Washington, DC Bougival painting by Alfred Sisley of France at Cincinnati Art Museum. Cincinnati, OH
  • Frédéric Bazille (1841-1870) posthumously*
  • (no image) Several other artists gravitate to group. Group starts own annual exhibition.
  • Édouard Manet (1832-1883)
    (used style & advised group but did not exhibit with them.)
  • Le Déjeuner ser l'herbe painting by Édouard Manet at Musée d'Orsay. Paris, France Civil War Battle of USS Kearsarge & CSS Alabama off Cherbourg, France painted by Édouard Manet at Philadelphia Museum of Art. Philadelphia, PA Au jardin painting by Édouard Manet in Webb House at Shelburne Museum. Shelburne, VT
  • Camille Pissarro (1830-1903)*
  • Street in Upper Norwood painting by Camille Pissaro at Neue Pinakothek. Munich, Germany Haymaking, Éragny painting by Camille Pissarro at Van Gogh Museum. Amsterdam, NL The Avenue de l'Opera, Place Théâtre-Français by Camille Pissarro at Museum of Fine Arts. Reims, France
  • Paul Cézanne (1839-1906)*
    (later split from group.)
  • Railway Cutting painting by Paul Cézanne at Neue Pinakothek. Munich, Germany Still life with sandstone pot painting by Paul Cézanne at Museum Angladon, Jacques Doucet Collection. Avignon, France The Card Players painting by Paul Cézanne at Musée d'Orsay. Paris, France
  • Mary Cassatt (1844-1926)* (American living in Paris.)
  • After the Bullfight painting by Mary Cassatt at Art Institute of Chicago. Chicago, IL Woman with Pearl Necklace in a Loge by Mary Cassatt at Philadelphia Museum of Art. Philadelphia, PA Boating Party painting by Mary Cassatt at National Gallery of Art. Washington, DC
  • Edgar Degas (1834-1917)*
  • The Absinthe Drinkers painting by Edgar Degas at Musée d'Orsay. Paris, France Mary Cassatt portrait by Edgar Degas at National Portrait Gallery. Washington, DC The Star painting by Edgar Degas at Art Institute of Chicago. Chicago, IL
  • Berthe Morisot (1841-1895)*
  • Le Corsage Noir painting by Berthe Morisot at National Gallery of Ireland. Dublin, Ireland Child in Red Apron painting by Berthe Morisot of France at RISD Museum. Providence, RI
  • Gustave Caillebotte (1848-1894) later*
  • Paris Street; Rainy Day painting by Gustave Caillebotte at Art Institute of Chicago. Chicago, IL
  • Armand Guillaumin (1841-1927)
  • (no image)
    Examples of Pre-Impressionists. Some earlier artist used techniques which came to define impressionists. //
    John Constable (1776-1837)
    English Romantic painter
    Hadleigh Castle, The Mouth of the Thames - Morning after a Stormy Night painting by John Constable at Yale Center for British Art. New Haven, CT Opening of Waterloo Bridge sketch by John Constable at Yale Center for British Art. New Haven, CT Stoke-by-Nayland painting by John Constable at Art Institute of Chicago. Chicago, IL
    Joseph Mallord William Turner (1775-1851)
    English pre-Impressionist
    Burning of the Houses of Lords and Commons, 16 October, 1834 by Joseph Mallord William Turner at Cleveland Museum of Art. Cleveland, OH Slave Ship - Slavers Throwing Overboard Dead & Dying, Typhoon Coming On painting by Joseph Mallord William Turner at Museum of Fine Arts. Boston, MA Van Tromp, going about to please his Masters, Ships at Sea, getting a Good Wetting painting by Joseph Mallord William Turner at J. Paul Getty Museum Center. Malibu, CA
    Ferdinand Victor Eugène Delacroix (1798-1863)
    French Romantic painter
    Death of Sardanapalus sketch by Eugène Delacroix at Louvre Museum. Paris, France The Natchez painting by Eugène Delacroix at Metropolitan Museum of Art. New York, NY Lion Hunt painting by Eugène Delacroix at Art Institute of Chicago. Chicago, IL
    Examples of Post-Impressionists. In the 1880s, some younger artists took impressionist techniques in new directions such as pointillism.
    Vincent van Gogh (1853-90)
    Dutch Post-Impressionist painter
    Two women on heath painting by Vincent van Gogh at Van Gogh Museum. Amsterdam, NL View from Theo's apartment in Paris painting by Vincent van Gogh at Van Gogh Museum. Amsterdam, NL Starry Night painting by Vincent van Gogh at Musée d'Orsay. Paris, France
    Paul Gauguin (1848-1903)
    French Post-Impressionist painter
    Four Breton Women painting by Paul Gauguin at Neue Pinakothek. Munich, Germany Parau Parau painting by Paul Gauguin at Yale University Art Gallery. New Haven, CT Sister of Charity painting by Paul Gauguin at McNay Art Museum. San Antonio, TX
    Georges Seurat (1859-1891)
    French Neo-impressionist painter
    Study for Sunday on La Grande Jatte by Georges Seurat at Metropolitan Museum of Art. New York, NY Lighthouse at Honfleur painting by Georges Seurat at National Gallery of Art. Washington, DC Eiffel Tower painting by Georges Seurat at Legion of Honor Museum. San Francisco, CA
    Henri de Toulouse-Lautrec (1864-1901) French painter of leisure scenes Moulin de la Galette painting by Henri de Toulouse-Lautrec at Art Institute of Chicago. Chicago, IL Marcelle Lender Dancing the Bolero in Chilpéric painting by Henri de Toulouse-Lautrec at National Gallery of Art. Washington, DC Maxime Dethomas painting by Henri de Toulouse-Lautrec at National Gallery of Art. Washington, DC

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    All photos on this page are originals by & copyrighted by Jim Steinhart.
    All rights reserved. Permission required to use.

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